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Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused b
2024-07-29
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of bromodomain inhibitor (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided in
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Autophagy is a highly conservative intracellular bulk degrad
2024-07-29
Autophagy is a highly conservative intracellular bulk degradation process including three major forms namely microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and macroautophagy. A large number of evidence has depicted a pivotal role for autophagy in the maintenance of cardiac geometry and contractile fu
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Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have
2024-07-26
Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have been reported (Qiu et al., 2008; Revankar et al., 2005), a large percentage of membrane-initiated steroid hormone signaling appears to be performed by a subpopulation of the same receptors that act in the nucleus. Specifically, estrogen rec
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br Current limitations and future directions There are sever
2024-07-26
Current limitations and future directions There are several limitations associated with PET imaging of aromatase using carbon-11 labeled aromatase inhibitors. Due to the very short half-life of carbon 11 (20min), PET studies with currently available, validated tracers can only be performed in med
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It is reported that calpain plays a
2024-07-26
It is reported that calpain-2 plays a critical role in BDNF-induced signaling and memory formation, and knockdown of calpain-2, but not calpain-1, completely suppresses BDNF-induced pathway activation and protein translation (Briz et al., 2013). BDNF prevents neuronal apoptosis or death (Ferrer et a
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Additional support for a role of HMGN in enhancing DNA
2024-07-26
Additional support for a role of HMGN1 in enhancing DNA repair comes from studies of transcription-coupled repair (TCR) in human cells. Lesions in the template strand of DNA induced by UV light stall the movement of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and interrupt transcription. Removal of these transcripti
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Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH br Brain Angiotensin II receptors The in
2024-07-26
Brain Angiotensin II receptors The information above leaves Angiotensin II receptors as the only RAAS components for which localization, regulation of expression and function in the Fmoc-D-Phe(4-Cl)-OH has been convincingly demonstrated, with the use of quantitative film and emulsion autoradiogr
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br Results The newly synthesized
2024-07-26
Results The newly synthesized leucine ureido derivatives were firstly evaluated for their enzymatic inhibition using porcine kidney APN (Microsomal, Biocol) with bestatin as the positive control (Table 1). One isoleucine ureido derivative 14 and phenylglycine ureido derivative 15 were also synthe
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apoptosis br Alzheimer s disease AD is an irreversible age
2024-07-26
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible, age-associated neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. AD is also the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 5 million cases in the United States and 44 million cases worldwide. In 2015, AD c
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Acetaminophen N acetyl p aminophenol AAP Fig is a
2024-07-26
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, AAP) (Fig. 1) is a medically important, low cost, readily available and commonly used over the counter analgesic and antipyretic drug [18,19]. Acetaminophen monotherapy is efficient and is safer than Aspirin and Ibuprofen [20]. The efficacy and tolerability in
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br Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling
2024-07-26
Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling in retina of oxygen-induced retinopathy Current therapeutic development of ROP focuses on directly targeting VEGF and HIF-1α signaling pathway (Cavallaro et al., 2014, Penn et al., 2008, Mintz-Hittner et al., 2011, Hartnett and Penn, 2012). However, cellula
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In the past years the role of the CD
2024-07-26
In the past 10 years, the role of the CD73-adenosinergic pathway in suppression of anti-tumor immunity has increasingly been recognized [13], [14]. In this review, we discuss the latest findings dealing with the regulation of anti-tumor immunity by CD73 and adenosine. We also discuss ongoing clinica
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All consecutive patients who were confirmatively diagnosed w
2024-07-26
All consecutive patients who were confirmatively diagnosed with MP-PPE and TPE, respectively, between January 2008 and December 2016 at Kyungpook National University Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea, an area with an intermediate prevalence of active tuberculosis, were enrolled.
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We have previously reported alterations of the thymus in ACh
2024-07-25
We have previously reported alterations of the thymus in AChR-MG patients, especially in their germinal center PF-4708671 mg (defined as CD19+CD38+ cells by flow cytometric analysis). First, we found that, in MG thymi, this subset failed to show the normal down-regulation of Bcl-2, suggesting that
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br Material and methods br Results
2024-07-25
Material and methods Results Discussion Clinical gene therapy trials with viral vectors have been in use for treatment of various genetic disorders and diseases, however efficacious, targetable and highly reliable non-viral delivery systems are needed for safe and long-term applications. De
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