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The specific functions of ERs and AR underline
2023-08-15

The specific functions of ERs and AR underline their crucial roles during different phases of spermatogenesis. Their deregulation could affect numerous downstream targets, thereby, disrupting spermatogenesis and male fertility. Various studies have shown that estrogen-like chemicals in the environme
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br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Alzheimer s disease
2023-08-15

Acknowledgments and Disclosures Alzheimer's disease as a synaptic pathology Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative 1664 disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Progressive depositions of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles together with degenera
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Platelet derived growth factor PDGF and ciliary neurotrophic
2023-08-15

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are expressed by glial hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin sale and are important to neuron survival and the maintenance of oligodendrocytes. These neurotrophic factors contribute to the remyelination process by increasing the
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In addition to the above mentioned synaptic mechanisms
2023-08-15

In addition to the above-mentioned synaptic mechanisms, the serotonergic system also has a critical role in the antidepressant effects of mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists. Indeed, we previously reported that mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists increased the firing rate of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe
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In the past few years several experimental findings have dem
2023-08-15

In the past few years, several experimental findings have demonstrated a pivotal involvement of adenosine also in driving the phenotypic switch of macrophages. In particular, the stimulation of A2A and A2B receptors seems to play a critical role in switching macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype [37,6
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In the previous study we demonstrated
2023-08-15

In the previous study, we demonstrated the importance of the mPFC postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor in the sustained antidepressant effects, because a sustained antidepressant effect was obtained with intra-mPFC injection, but not systemic injection of 8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist (Fukumoto et al
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In conclusion AXL overexpression preexisted in a
2023-08-15

In conclusion, AXL overexpression preexisted in a subgroup of treatment-naive lung adenocarcinoma specimens harboring an activating EGFR mutation or in those with wild-type EGFR. Anti-AXL therapeutics delivered up front in combination with the EGFR inhibitor might overcome intrinsic or acquired resi
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br Materials and methods br Results The clinical characteris
2023-08-15

Materials and methods Results The clinical characteristics of the two selected groups are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the enzyme activity of ATX in CSF of MS patients (59.90±3.09nmol/min/ml±SEM) was significantly higher (p Discussion Numerous studies have so far shown that ATX tak
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The authors thank Dr J Aoki University of
2023-08-15

The authors thank Dr. J. Aoki, University of Tokyo, for kindly providing 5E5-ATX antibody. This work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to A.E.K. (KR4391/1-1), research grants “Primary sclerosing cholangitis” from the Deutsche Crohn-Colitis-Vereinigung and the Norwegia
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br Discussion br Acknowledgments Writing of this
2023-08-14

Discussion Acknowledgments Writing of this review and collection of data from our laboratories that are presented were supported by a grant from the Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO) SSTC Interuniversity Attraction Poles Plastoscine P7/17 to AVDL and JB, multiple grants from the Fund for Scienti
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Estrogen exerts its genomic action via estrogen nuclear rece
2023-08-14

Estrogen exerts its genomic action via methoxy sale nuclear receptor: ERα and ERβ. The distribution of ERα and/or ERβ positive neurons in CNS of different species has been mapped extensively by various methods [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], although there are some diffe
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br Experimental br Acknowledgment This paper was financially
2023-08-14

Experimental Acknowledgment This paper was financially supported by the Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017T100186), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20170540858), General Scientific Research Projects of Department of Education of Liaoning Province (20
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br The role of apelin
2023-08-14

The role of apelin in hypertension diseases The role of apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases has been described in numerous studies (Table 2) [36,37]. It has been revealed that exogenous apelin may lower blood pressure. Tatemoto et al. [6] have discovered that different forms of
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To investigate if WP increased CAT activity in cells
2023-08-14

To investigate if WP increased CAT activity in cells, C2C12 muscle salvinorin a were treated with 0.1 to 0.4 mg/mL of WP (80.05% protein) for 24 h and then stressed with 0.75 mM H2O2 for 1 h (Xu et al., 2011). The CAT activity was significantly enhanced from 15.1 ± 0.7 to 23.7 ± 1.3 U/mg of total ce
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Akt is another upstream kinase known to
2023-08-14

Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 resazurin show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase, on
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